Jerome and the Latin Vulgate |
At the end of the IV th century, Jerome produced a translation of the Bible into Latin, called the Vulgate. This work remained for long a subject of controversy. The Council of Trent (April 8, 1546) decreed that this version has 'been approved by the Church, no one should have the courage to reject it.' What do we know about Jerome? Why man and his translation were they criticized? What influence her work she has on Bible translation? |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
 | | Penitent Saint Jerome inv 750
To 1531
Tiziano VECELLIO said TITIEN
Denon 1 room 7 The Mona Lisa
This picture of devotion private was probably controlled by Isabelle d \ 'Este, Duchess Mantua, who wanted Titian get a scene Night in tradition Giorgione. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The hermit seems lost in a landscape that \ 's hostile appearance is underlined by the fantastic against the light produced by the moonlight, which glow in the \ shadow crucifix and torrent. His attribute is the lion who removed a thorn from the paw of the \ 'animal, it, grateful, never left him and protected him from harm. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Eusebius Hieronymus was born about 346 in Stridon, Dalmatian town situated near the present border of Italy and Slovenia. It tastes the privileges of wealth going to Rome to study with the famous grammarian Donatus. And he received a solid educational scholar and began to learn Greek. Then he began to travel. He discovers asceticism. Seduced by this call renunciation, he spent the next years to cultivate this way of life with friends. Then the band broke. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Historians have opinions divergent on the timeline Life of Jerome.
| | | Jerome a controversial pioneer of Bible translation | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Disillusioned he left for the East. Until then, the passion for the study of Jerome had brought about the pagan classics as the Word of God. It therefore leads a hermit and immersed in the study of the Bible and theologians. He learned Syriac and begins to learn Hebrew. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Saint Jerome in Penitence 1987-28 RF Vellum mounted on wood Simon BENING Ghent, 1483 - Bruges, 1561 Richelieu 2nd Netherlands, Room 9 | Jerome MI 649 Just GHENT Pedro BERRUGUETE Richelieu 2nd Netherlands Room 4 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
 |  |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Since L \ 'Adoration of the Magi neighbor, this miniature (left) is treated as a standalone table and is essentially a landscape in which the saint \' s more that \ 'an excuse, as in Saint Jerome Patinir of the same room, which is painted in a contemporary but very different style Antwerp. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
After five years of monastic life, Jerome returned to Antioch to continue his studies. He decided to side with Paulin, one of three men who fight the title of Bishop of Antioch. In 381 he accompanied at the Council of Constantinople. Pope Damasus remark quickly scholarship and language skills. He became his private secretary. But he continues to lead a life of acète the heart of the luxurious papal court, denounces the disorders of the clergy and made many enemies. It has the full support of Damase. The latter is concerned with the language barrier between the eastern and western areas of the Church. In the East, few know Latin, in the West, much less know Greek. Many Latin versions of the Bible circulating. Many are of poor quality and contain gross errors. Damase therefore commissioned him a revised Latin translation of the Gospels. Jerome is going to tackle this task to which he devoted the next 20 years of his life. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
 | | Saint Jerome Reading RF 3928
D \ 'after Georges de LA TOUR Vic-sur-Seille, 1593 - Luneville, 1652
Copy of \ a lost original, table "daytime \ '\', illuminated by daylight. But its strong contrasts and dark background \ 's similar to" night \' \ '.
Jerome has a clear method and rigorous. It compares all available Greek manuscripts; corrects style and substance the Latin text to make it more accurate the Greek text. But he wipes much criticism and opposition intensifies. On the death of Damasus he returned to the East. In the autumn the year 386, Jerome fixed in Bethlehem where he ended his days. Living in Palestine and it will improve his knowledge of Hebrew. |
| | | | | | | | We do not know exactly what was the amount of work ordered by Pope Damasus. But there is little doubt about how Jerome considering things. He wanted achieve a 'useful work for the Church, worthy to be remembered. ' He decided to produce a translation Latin revision of the Bible. |
 | |
|
Saint Jerome in Meditation inv 1691 Georg Pencz detail early \ Gospel of John Richelieu 2nd Country Germanic Room 8 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
In the Hebrew Scriptures, he works from the Septuagint. AA201 But he discovered in the Greek manuscripts similar to those he had found in Latin manuscripts differences. It therefore comes to the conclusion that to produce an accurate translation, we must remove the Septuagint, despite all his authority, and support directly to the original Hebrew text. This raises an outcry. Jerome is accused of falsifying the text of insulting God and abandon the traditions of the Church to those of the Jews. Augustine, the greatest theologian of the time, the requests back to the text of the Septuagint. AA198 Jerome How does he react? True to himself, he ignores and continues to work directly on the Hebrew. His Latin Bible was completed in 405. Years later, one begins to call his Vulgate version, ie the version 'commonly accepted'. AA199 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| The Vulgate a Latin translation revised from the Hebrew texts and Greek original. | | | The Vulgate 'The most extensive literary work and the most prolific of the IV th century'
Will Durant | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The translation of the Hebrew Scriptures made by Jerome was much more than a simple revision. It was not the version of a version. He carefully studied and compared the Hebrew and Greek manuscripts now lost. It was he who first called the non-canonical apocryphal books. AA200
If one can reproach him for his sharp tongue and his quarrelsome nature, however, it must recognize the merit of having alone shifted biblical research to the Hebrew text. His work has also outpaced the Jewish Masoretic. The Vulgate is valuable for anyone who wants to study different variants of the biblical text tool. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |